现在是
加载中...
加载中...

Mybatis基本流程

1、利用Resources工具类加载配置文件,并转换成输入输出流

2、利用解析的配置,创建SqlSessionFactory工厂

3、生产SqlSession

4、SqlSession调用方法

Mybatis配置文件分析

sqlMapConfig.xml

MyBatis核心配置文件层级

image-20220317110551420

MyBatis常用配置解析

输出日志,在sqlMapConfig.xml添加如下配置:

<settings>
  <!-- 输出日志 -->
  <setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING" />
</settings>

1)environments标签

image-20220317110912040

事务管理器( transactionManager )类型有两种:

JDBC:直接使用JDBC的提交和回滚设置,依赖于从数据源得到的链接来管理事务的作用域

MANAGED:几乎不做事。不提交事务也不会回滚。让容器(例如JEE的应用服务器的上下文)来管理事务的整个生命周期。

默认情况下会关闭链接,然而一些容器不希望这样,需要配置 closeConnection 的属性为 false 来阻止它的默认关闭行为。

数据源( DataSource )有三种:

  • UNPOOLED:每次请求都打开和关闭链接
  • POOLED:采用连接池管理JDBC链接
  • JNDI:为了配合EJB容器使用,容器可以集中在外部配置数据源,然后放置一个JNDI的上下文引用

2)mapper标签

作用是加载映射,加载方式有以下四种:

  • 使用相对类路径的引用,例如:

    <mapper resource="org/mybatis/builder/AuthorMapper.xml" />
    
  • 使用URL,例如:

    <Mappper url="file:///var/mapper/AuthorMapper.xml" />
    
  • 使用接口实现类的全限定类名,例如:

    <mapper class="org.mybatis.builder.AuthorMapper" />
    
  • 使用包名称,例如:

    <package name="org.mybatis.builder" />
    

3)Properties

习惯性将数据量配置信息单独配置在 jdbc.properties 文件中

jdbc.dirver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/zdy_mybatis?characterEncoding=utf8
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
<properties resource="jdbc.properties"/>

image-20220317133039702

注意顺序:properties必须在最前面,否则会报如下错误

image-20220317133510592

4)typeAliases标签

类型别名是为Java类设置一个短的名字。原来的类型配置如下:

<select id="findAll" resultType="com.terwergreen.pojo.User">
select * from user
</select>

image-20220317135136062

配置typeAliases,为 com.terwergreen.pojo.User 指定别名 user

<typeAliases>
    <typeAlias type="com.terwergreen.pojo.User" alias="user"/>
</typeAliases>
<select id="findAll" resultType="user">
select * from user
</select>

image-20220317135448999

上面是我们自定义的别名,Mybatis 默认已经为我们设置好了一些别名:

image-20220317135843506

如果实体类较多,上面方法不可取,可以使用指定包名的方式

<!-- 为实体的全限定类名取别名 -->
<typeAliases>
  <!-- 给单独的实体起别名 -->
  <!-- <typeAlias type="com.terwergreen.pojo.User" alias="user"/> -->
  <package name="com.terwergreen.pojo"/> 
</typeAliases>

批量起别名:该包下所有类本身的类名,不区分大小写

mapper.xml

1)动态SQL

动态SQL语句概述

https://mybatis.org/mybatis-3/dynamic-sql.html

动态SQL之 <if>

根据实体类的不用取值,使用不同的SQL进行查询

<!-- 多条件组合查询用户:if案例 -->
<select id="findByCondition" parameterType="user" resultType="user">
  select * from user where 1=1
  <if test="id!=null">
    and id=#{id}
  </if>
  <if test="username!=null">
    and username=#{username}
  </if>
</select>

动态SQL之 where

<!-- 多条件组合查询用户:where案例 -->
<select id="findByConditionWhere" parameterType="user" resultType="user">
  select * from user
  <where>
    <if test="id!=null">
        and id=#{id}
    </if>
    <if test="username!=null">
        and username=#{username}
    </if>
  </where>
</select>

同时设置id和username之后,日志如下:

/**
 * where测试
 *
 * @throws IOException
 */
@Test
@Throws(IOException::class)
fun test7() {
    val resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml")
    val sqlSessionFactory = SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream)
    val sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession()
    val userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IUserDao::class.java)
    val user = User()
    user.id = 1
    user.username = "tyw"
    val userList = userDao.findByConditionWhere(user)
    for (user2 in userList) {
        println(user2)
    }
}

 public void test7() throws IOException {
   InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");
   SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);

   SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
   IUserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IUserDao.class);

   User user = new User();
   user.setId(1);
   user.setUsername("tyw");
   List<User> userList = userDao.findByConditionWhere(user);

   for (User user2 : userList) {
     System.out.println(user2);
   }
 }

==>  Preparing: select * from user WHERE id=? and username=? 
==> Parameters: 1(Integer), tyw(String)
<==    Columns: id, username
<==        Row: 1, tyw
<==      Total: 1
User{id=1, username='tyw'}

动态SQL之 foreach

循环执行SQL的拼接动作。例如:select * from user where id in(1,2,4)

测试代码

/**
 * foreach测试
 *
 * @throws IOException
 */
@Test
@Throws(IOException::class)
fun test8() {
    val resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml")
    val sqlSessionFactory = SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream)
    val sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession()
    val userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IUserDao::class.java)
    val ids = arrayOf(1, 2, 4)
    val userList = userDao.findByIds(ids)
    for (user2 in userList) {
        println(user2)
    }
}

public void test8() throws IOException {
  InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");
  SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);

  SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
  IUserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IUserDao.class);

  Integer[] ids = new Integer[]{1, 2, 4};
  List<User> userList = userDao.findByIds(ids);

  for (User user2 : userList) {
    System.out.println(user2);
  }
}

配置如下

<!-- 多值查询:foerach案例 -->
<select id="findByIds" parameterType="list" resultType="user">
  select * from user
  <where>
    <foreach collection="array" open="id in (" close=")" item="id" separator=",">
      #{id}
    </foreach>
  </where>
</select>

日志如下:

==>  Preparing: select * from user WHERE id in ( ? , ? , ? ) 
==> Parameters: 1(Integer), 2(Integer), 4(Integer)
<==    Columns: id, username
<==        Row: 1, tyw
<==        Row: 2, 张月
<==        Row: 4, haha
<==      Total: 3
User{id=1, username='tyw'}
User{id=2, username='张月'}
User{id=4, username='haha'}

foreach各项的含义如下:

<foreach> 用于遍历几乎

  • collection:要遍历的集合元素,不能带有#{}
  • open:语句开始部分
  • close:结束部分
  • item:遍历的元素生成的变量名
  • sperator:分隔符

SQL片段抽取

可以将重复sql抽取出来放在sql标签中,使用时候用include

<!-- 抽取sql片段简化编写 -->
<sql id="selectUser">select * from user</sql>

使用

<!-- 根据ID查询用户 -->
<select id="findById" parameterType="int" resultType="user">
    <include refid="selectUser"></include> where id=#{id}
</select>

测试:

/**
 * sql抽取测试
 *
 * @throws IOException
 */
@Test
@Throws(IOException::class)
fun test9() {
    val resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml")
    val sqlSessionFactory = SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream)
    val sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession()
    val userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IUserDao::class.java)
    val user2 = userDao.findById(1)
    println(user2)
}

/**
 * sql抽取测试
 *
 * @throws IOException
 */
@Test
public void test9() throws IOException {
    InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");
    SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);

    SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    IUserDao userDao = sqlSession.getMapper(IUserDao.class);

    User user2 = userDao.findById(1);

    System.out.println(user2);
}

日志如下:

==>  Preparing: select * from user where id=?
==> Parameters: 1(Integer)
<==    Columns: id, username
<==        Row: 1, tyw
<==      Total: 1
User{id=1, username='tyw'}

作者:Terwer

首发:浅海拾贝

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